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Filters may perfect selfies, but they’re distorting how we see ourselves in real life.
Selfie Dysmorphia, a growing disconnect between how people look in real life and how they believe they should look based on their curated digital selves.
In the age of Instagram and Snapchat, the selfie has become the most common form of self-expression. A single photo can now be captured, edited, filtered, and shared with hundreds of people within seconds. While this culture has made photography more democratic, it has also brought with it a new psychological challenge we see in the clinic: selfie dysmorphia, a growing disconnect between how people look in real life and how they believe they should look based on their curated digital selves.
This has quickly become a clinical reality across the globe, with an increasing number of patients walking in with reference images of their own retouched selfies, hoping to “match” what they see on screen. This phenomenon has prompted researchers to explore its psychological impact more deeply. A 2019 study titled “Does taking selfies lead to increased desire to undergo cosmetic surgery” conducted by The Esthetic Clinics (TEC) and published in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology had some very interesting results.
Dr. Debraj Shome, Director and Co-Founder, The Esthetic Clinics (TEC) reveals the trends
What the Study Revealed
The study involved 300 participants aged between 21 and 26, drawn from four Indian cities, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, and Hyderabad and split into three groups:
One group uploaded untouched selfies to their social media accounts.
The second group uploaded retouched selfies using photo-editing apps.
The control group engaged in unrelated online browsing.
The results were eye-opening. Among those who uploaded selfies:
Social anxiety significantly increased (p
Confidence levels dropped sharply (p
Feelings of reduced physical attractiveness surged (p
Most importantly, there was a marked increase in the desire to undergo cosmetic surgery (p
These effects were more pronounced among women, who reported higher dissatisfaction with their real appearance compared to men. Interestingly, participants who uploaded retouched selfies felt even worse about their natural looks, highlighting the deep impact of filters and editing apps on body image.
Why Selfies Change the Way We See Ourselves
Social media has redefined beauty standards in subtle but powerful ways. Filters and editing apps create an idealised version of ourselves with flawless skin, sharper jawlines, and brighter eyes. Over time, this altered reality starts influencing how we perceive our natural selves.
When the gap between real appearance and filtered appearance widens, dissatisfaction grows. This often manifests as increased anxiety, lowered self-esteem, and, as the study shows, a stronger desire for cosmetic enhancements.
A large-scale ongoing study with 5,000 participants reveals a concerning link between compulsive selfie-taking, body dissatisfaction, and increased interest in cosmetic procedures among young adults. Preliminary data from this study shows the same trend in teenagers as young as sixteen. Far from being a cosmetic fad, these findings point to a wider societal and mental health challenge affecting the identity, confidence, and well-being of future generations.
Globally, this trend has been mirrored elsewhere. A report from the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons found that 55% of surgeons had patients requesting procedures solely to improve how they look in selfies. In India, where social media usage is among the highest in the world and the number of users surpassed 800 million in 2025, the psychological toll of this digital distortion is even more evident.
From a clinical perspective, this is concerning. Cosmetic enhancements can only bridge the gap between perception and reality to a certain extent. But when digitally altered images shape expectations, results often leave patients dissatisfied. That’s why aesthetic practitioners must remain vigilant in identifying when a patient’s motivations stem from distorted self-perception rather than genuine needs.
Finding Balance
The solution isn’t to demonise selfies or social media but to build healthier relationships with them:
Media Literacy Matters: Educating young users about the psychological effects of filters and curated images is crucial. Awareness can help reduce comparison-driven dissatisfaction.
Digital Moderation: Taking “filter-free” days or digital detoxes can help individuals reconnect with their authentic selves.
Responsible Clinical Practices: Surgeons and aesthetic specialists must screen for signs of body dysmorphia before recommending procedures. In some cases, counselling may be more beneficial than surgery.
Looking Ahead
The rise of selfie dysmorphia reflects a broader cultural shift where digital perfection is defining self-worth. Studies have shown how something as simple as uploading a selfie can influence anxiety levels, self-confidence, and even the decision to seek cosmetic surgery.
Addressing this requires a multi-layered approach from both medical practitioners and social media users, combining awareness, mental health support, and ethical aesthetic practices. In a world obsessed with curated perfection, it is vital to remind ourselves that real beauty exists beyond filters and pixels.
Swati Chaturvedi, a seasoned media and journalism aficionado with over 10 years of expertise, is not just a storyteller; she’s a weaver of wit and wisdom in the digital landscape. As a key figure in News18 Engl…Read More
Swati Chaturvedi, a seasoned media and journalism aficionado with over 10 years of expertise, is not just a storyteller; she’s a weaver of wit and wisdom in the digital landscape. As a key figure in News18 Engl… Read More
September 07, 2025, 09:53 IST
